Network is the inter-connection of computer or devices for the purpose of sharing information and to ease communication.
They are classified into three main categories;
a) Local Area Network (LAN).: This covers a limited area such as a building or a compound; it is suitable for short distance sharing of information. It involves the sharing of hardware components including printers and hard disk. Here we can also carry out sharing of a program that is present only on one computer. This program is control by a network software. Network links use in this system of network includes; telephone lines or co – axial cables. We can also see fiber optics in some newer systems.
b) Metropolitan Area Network (WAN): This system covers a geographical area such as a city or a metropolitan area (e.g. within a village, town or sub – division). An example is the cable TV (commonly call cable line).
c) Wide Area Network (WAN): Covers a large geographical area such as a country, continent or world at large. It provides services to many users or organization. A measure example of a WAN is the internet.
It refers to the way or manner in which computers are being position or configured in a system of network.
Types of topology include;
a) Star topology:
In this topology, a number of computer or peripheral devices are connected or linked to a central unit. The central unit is a hub and typically a host computer or a file server. All information passes through the central unit, hence several users can share resources on central computer.
b) Bus topology:
In this topology, each computer handles its own communication control. There is no host, thus all communication travels along a common connecting cable call a bus. This bus topology is typically use when only a few microcomputers are to be linked.
c) Ring topology:
In this case, each device is connected to two other devices forming a ring. There is no central file server or computer. Messages a passed along the ring until they reach the correct destination. This topology is not frequently used as other, reason being that information for a user can be viewed by another user.
d) Tree topology:
This consists of several computers linked to a central host computer just like a star topology. It allows various computers to share database, processing power and different output devices.
e) Peer to Peer (Mesh) topology:
Here each workstation can communicate directly with every other work station on the network without going through a server.
f) Client/server topology:
This system of topology uses one computer to coordinate and supply services to other notes on the network. The server provides access to resources such as database, application software and hardware. Client topology system is widely used on the internet. It main advantage it ability to handle very large networks efficiency.
Read Also;
Importance of website publishing.
Basic Introduction to the internet.
